001    /*
002     * Copyright (C) 2008 The Guava Authors
003     *
004     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
005     * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
006     * You may obtain a copy of the License at
007     *
008     * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
009     *
010     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
011     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
012     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
013     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
014     * limitations under the License.
015     */
016    
017    package com.google.common.collect;
018    
019    import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
020    
021    import com.google.common.annotations.Beta;
022    import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
023    import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
024    import com.google.common.base.Function;
025    
026    import java.io.Serializable;
027    import java.util.Arrays;
028    import java.util.Collection;
029    import java.util.Collections;
030    import java.util.Comparator;
031    import java.util.Iterator;
032    import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
033    import java.util.List;
034    import java.util.Map;
035    import java.util.Map.Entry;
036    import java.util.Set;
037    
038    import javax.annotation.Nullable;
039    
040    /**
041     * An immutable {@link Multimap}. Does not permit null keys or values.
042     *
043     * <p>Unlike {@link Multimaps#unmodifiableMultimap(Multimap)}, which is
044     * a <i>view</i> of a separate multimap which can still change, an instance of
045     * {@code ImmutableMultimap} contains its own data and will <i>never</i>
046     * change. {@code ImmutableMultimap} is convenient for
047     * {@code public static final} multimaps ("constant multimaps") and also lets
048     * you easily make a "defensive copy" of a multimap provided to your class by
049     * a caller.
050     *
051     * <p><b>Note:</b> Although this class is not final, it cannot be subclassed as
052     * it has no public or protected constructors. Thus, instances of this class
053     * are guaranteed to be immutable.
054     *
055     * <p>In addition to methods defined by {@link Multimap}, an {@link #inverse}
056     * method is also supported.
057     *
058     * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a href=
059     * "http://code.google.com/p/guava-libraries/wiki/ImmutableCollectionsExplained">
060     * immutable collections</a>.
061     *
062     * @author Jared Levy
063     * @since 2.0 (imported from Google Collections Library)
064     */
065    @GwtCompatible(emulated = true)
066    public abstract class ImmutableMultimap<K, V>
067        implements Multimap<K, V>, Serializable {
068    
069      /** Returns an empty multimap. */
070      public static <K, V> ImmutableMultimap<K, V> of() {
071        return ImmutableListMultimap.of();
072      }
073    
074      /**
075       * Returns an immutable multimap containing a single entry.
076       */
077      public static <K, V> ImmutableMultimap<K, V> of(K k1, V v1) {
078        return ImmutableListMultimap.of(k1, v1);
079      }
080    
081      /**
082       * Returns an immutable multimap containing the given entries, in order.
083       */
084      public static <K, V> ImmutableMultimap<K, V> of(K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2) {
085        return ImmutableListMultimap.of(k1, v1, k2, v2);
086      }
087    
088      /**
089       * Returns an immutable multimap containing the given entries, in order.
090       */
091      public static <K, V> ImmutableMultimap<K, V> of(
092          K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3, V v3) {
093        return ImmutableListMultimap.of(k1, v1, k2, v2, k3, v3);
094      }
095    
096      /**
097       * Returns an immutable multimap containing the given entries, in order.
098       */
099      public static <K, V> ImmutableMultimap<K, V> of(
100          K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3, V v3, K k4, V v4) {
101        return ImmutableListMultimap.of(k1, v1, k2, v2, k3, v3, k4, v4);
102      }
103    
104      /**
105       * Returns an immutable multimap containing the given entries, in order.
106       */
107      public static <K, V> ImmutableMultimap<K, V> of(
108          K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3, V v3, K k4, V v4, K k5, V v5) {
109        return ImmutableListMultimap.of(k1, v1, k2, v2, k3, v3, k4, v4, k5, v5);
110      }
111    
112      // looking for of() with > 5 entries? Use the builder instead.
113    
114      /**
115       * Returns a new builder. The generated builder is equivalent to the builder
116       * created by the {@link Builder} constructor.
117       */
118      public static <K, V> Builder<K, V> builder() {
119        return new Builder<K, V>();
120      }
121    
122      /**
123       * Multimap for {@link ImmutableMultimap.Builder} that maintains key and
124       * value orderings, allows duplicate values, and performs better than
125       * {@link LinkedListMultimap}.
126       */
127      private static class BuilderMultimap<K, V> extends AbstractMultimap<K, V> {
128        BuilderMultimap() {
129          super(new LinkedHashMap<K, Collection<V>>());
130        }
131        
132        @Override
133        Collection<V> createCollection() {
134          return Lists.newArrayList();
135        }
136        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
137      }
138    
139      /**
140       * A builder for creating immutable multimap instances, especially
141       * {@code public static final} multimaps ("constant multimaps"). Example:
142       * <pre>   {@code
143       *
144       *   static final Multimap<String, Integer> STRING_TO_INTEGER_MULTIMAP =
145       *       new ImmutableMultimap.Builder<String, Integer>()
146       *           .put("one", 1)
147       *           .putAll("several", 1, 2, 3)
148       *           .putAll("many", 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
149       *           .build();}</pre>
150       *
151       * Builder instances can be reused; it is safe to call {@link #build} multiple
152       * times to build multiple multimaps in series. Each multimap contains the
153       * key-value mappings in the previously created multimaps.
154       *
155       * @since 2.0 (imported from Google Collections Library)
156       */
157      public static class Builder<K, V> {
158        Multimap<K, V> builderMultimap = new BuilderMultimap<K, V>();
159        Comparator<? super K> keyComparator;
160        Comparator<? super V> valueComparator;
161    
162        /**
163         * Creates a new builder. The returned builder is equivalent to the builder
164         * generated by {@link ImmutableMultimap#builder}.
165         */
166        public Builder() {}
167    
168        /**
169         * Adds a key-value mapping to the built multimap.
170         */
171        public Builder<K, V> put(K key, V value) {
172          builderMultimap.put(checkNotNull(key), checkNotNull(value));
173          return this;
174        }
175    
176        /**
177         * Adds an entry to the built multimap.
178         *
179         * @since 11.0
180         */
181        public Builder<K, V> put(Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> entry) {
182          builderMultimap.put(
183              checkNotNull(entry.getKey()), checkNotNull(entry.getValue()));
184          return this;
185        }
186    
187        /**
188         * Stores a collection of values with the same key in the built multimap.
189         *
190         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code key}, {@code values}, or any
191         *     element in {@code values} is null. The builder is left in an invalid
192         *     state.
193         */
194        public Builder<K, V> putAll(K key, Iterable<? extends V> values) {
195          Collection<V> valueList = builderMultimap.get(checkNotNull(key));
196          for (V value : values) {
197            valueList.add(checkNotNull(value));
198          }
199          return this;
200        }
201    
202        /**
203         * Stores an array of values with the same key in the built multimap.
204         *
205         * @throws NullPointerException if the key or any value is null. The builder
206         *     is left in an invalid state.
207         */
208        public Builder<K, V> putAll(K key, V... values) {
209          return putAll(key, Arrays.asList(values));
210        }
211    
212        /**
213         * Stores another multimap's entries in the built multimap. The generated
214         * multimap's key and value orderings correspond to the iteration ordering
215         * of the {@code multimap.asMap()} view, with new keys and values following
216         * any existing keys and values.
217         *
218         * @throws NullPointerException if any key or value in {@code multimap} is
219         *     null. The builder is left in an invalid state.
220         */
221        public Builder<K, V> putAll(Multimap<? extends K, ? extends V> multimap) {
222          for (Entry<? extends K, ? extends Collection<? extends V>> entry
223              : multimap.asMap().entrySet()) {
224            putAll(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
225          }
226          return this;
227        }
228    
229        /**
230         * Specifies the ordering of the generated multimap's keys.
231         *
232         * @since 8.0
233         */
234        @Beta
235        public Builder<K, V> orderKeysBy(Comparator<? super K> keyComparator) {
236          this.keyComparator = checkNotNull(keyComparator);
237          return this;
238        }
239    
240        /**
241         * Specifies the ordering of the generated multimap's values for each key.
242         *
243         * @since 8.0
244         */
245        @Beta
246        public Builder<K, V> orderValuesBy(Comparator<? super V> valueComparator) {
247          this.valueComparator = checkNotNull(valueComparator);
248          return this;
249        }
250    
251        /**
252         * Returns a newly-created immutable multimap.
253         */
254        public ImmutableMultimap<K, V> build() {
255          if (valueComparator != null) {
256            for (Collection<V> values : builderMultimap.asMap().values()) {
257              List<V> list = (List <V>) values;
258              Collections.sort(list, valueComparator);
259            }
260          }
261          if (keyComparator != null) {
262            Multimap<K, V> sortedCopy = new BuilderMultimap<K, V>();
263            List<Map.Entry<K, Collection<V>>> entries = Lists.newArrayList(
264                builderMultimap.asMap().entrySet());
265            Collections.sort(
266                entries,
267                Ordering.from(keyComparator).onResultOf(new Function<Entry<K, Collection<V>>, K>() {
268                  public K apply(Entry<K, Collection<V>> entry) {
269                    return entry.getKey();
270                  }
271                }));
272            for (Map.Entry<K, Collection<V>> entry : entries) {
273              sortedCopy.putAll(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
274            }
275            builderMultimap = sortedCopy;
276          }
277          return copyOf(builderMultimap);
278        }
279      }
280    
281      /**
282       * Returns an immutable multimap containing the same mappings as {@code
283       * multimap}. The generated multimap's key and value orderings correspond to
284       * the iteration ordering of the {@code multimap.asMap()} view.
285       *
286       * <p>Despite the method name, this method attempts to avoid actually copying
287       * the data when it is safe to do so. The exact circumstances under which a
288       * copy will or will not be performed are undocumented and subject to change.
289       *
290       * @throws NullPointerException if any key or value in {@code multimap} is
291       *         null
292       */
293      public static <K, V> ImmutableMultimap<K, V> copyOf(
294          Multimap<? extends K, ? extends V> multimap) {
295        if (multimap instanceof ImmutableMultimap) {
296          @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // safe since multimap is not writable
297          ImmutableMultimap<K, V> kvMultimap
298              = (ImmutableMultimap<K, V>) multimap;
299          if (!kvMultimap.isPartialView()) {
300            return kvMultimap;
301          }
302        }
303        return ImmutableListMultimap.copyOf(multimap);
304      }
305    
306      final transient ImmutableMap<K, ? extends ImmutableCollection<V>> map;
307      final transient int size;
308    
309      // These constants allow the deserialization code to set final fields. This
310      // holder class makes sure they are not initialized unless an instance is
311      // deserialized.
312      @GwtIncompatible("java serialization is not supported")
313      static class FieldSettersHolder {
314        static final Serialization.FieldSetter<ImmutableMultimap>
315            MAP_FIELD_SETTER = Serialization.getFieldSetter(
316            ImmutableMultimap.class, "map");
317        static final Serialization.FieldSetter<ImmutableMultimap>
318            SIZE_FIELD_SETTER = Serialization.getFieldSetter(
319            ImmutableMultimap.class, "size");
320      }
321    
322      ImmutableMultimap(ImmutableMap<K, ? extends ImmutableCollection<V>> map,
323          int size) {
324        this.map = map;
325        this.size = size;
326      }
327    
328      // mutators (not supported)
329    
330      /**
331       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the multimap unmodified.
332       *
333       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
334       */
335      public ImmutableCollection<V> removeAll(Object key) {
336        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
337      }
338    
339      /**
340       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the multimap unmodified.
341       *
342       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
343       */
344      public ImmutableCollection<V> replaceValues(K key,
345          Iterable<? extends V> values) {
346        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
347      }
348    
349      /**
350       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the multimap unmodified.
351       *
352       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
353       */
354      public void clear() {
355        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
356      }
357    
358      /**
359       * Returns an immutable collection of the values for the given key.  If no
360       * mappings in the multimap have the provided key, an empty immutable
361       * collection is returned. The values are in the same order as the parameters
362       * used to build this multimap.
363       */
364      public abstract ImmutableCollection<V> get(K key);
365    
366      /**
367       * Returns an immutable multimap which is the inverse of this one. For every
368       * key-value mapping in the original, the result will have a mapping with
369       * key and value reversed.
370       *
371       * @since 11.0
372       */
373      @Beta
374      public abstract ImmutableMultimap<V, K> inverse();
375    
376      /**
377       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the multimap unmodified.
378       *
379       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
380       */
381      public boolean put(K key, V value) {
382        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
383      }
384    
385      /**
386       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the multimap unmodified.
387       *
388       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
389       */
390      public boolean putAll(K key, Iterable<? extends V> values) {
391        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
392      }
393    
394      /**
395       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the multimap unmodified.
396       *
397       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
398       */
399      public boolean putAll(Multimap<? extends K, ? extends V> multimap) {
400        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
401      }
402    
403      /**
404       * Guaranteed to throw an exception and leave the multimap unmodified.
405       *
406       * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
407       */
408      public boolean remove(Object key, Object value) {
409        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
410      }
411    
412      boolean isPartialView() {
413        return map.isPartialView();
414      }
415    
416      // accessors
417    
418      public boolean containsEntry(@Nullable Object key, @Nullable Object value) {
419        Collection<V> values = map.get(key);
420        return values != null && values.contains(value);
421      }
422    
423      public boolean containsKey(@Nullable Object key) {
424        return map.containsKey(key);
425      }
426    
427      public boolean containsValue(@Nullable Object value) {
428        for (Collection<V> valueCollection : map.values()) {
429          if (valueCollection.contains(value)) {
430            return true;
431          }
432        }
433        return false;
434      }
435    
436      public boolean isEmpty() {
437        return size == 0;
438      }
439    
440      public int size() {
441        return size;
442      }
443    
444      
445      @Override
446      public boolean equals(@Nullable Object object) {
447        if (object instanceof Multimap) {
448          Multimap<?, ?> that = (Multimap<?, ?>) object;
449          return this.map.equals(that.asMap());
450        }
451        return false;
452      }
453    
454      
455      @Override
456      public int hashCode() {
457        return map.hashCode();
458      }
459    
460      
461      @Override
462      public String toString() {
463        return map.toString();
464      }
465    
466      // views
467    
468      /**
469       * Returns an immutable set of the distinct keys in this multimap. These keys
470       * are ordered according to when they first appeared during the construction
471       * of this multimap.
472       */
473      public ImmutableSet<K> keySet() {
474        return map.keySet();
475      }
476    
477      /**
478       * Returns an immutable map that associates each key with its corresponding
479       * values in the multimap.
480       */
481      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // a widening cast
482      public ImmutableMap<K, Collection<V>> asMap() {
483        return (ImmutableMap) map;
484      }
485    
486      private transient ImmutableCollection<Entry<K, V>> entries;
487    
488      /**
489       * Returns an immutable collection of all key-value pairs in the multimap. Its
490       * iterator traverses the values for the first key, the values for the second
491       * key, and so on.
492       */
493      public ImmutableCollection<Entry<K, V>> entries() {
494        ImmutableCollection<Entry<K, V>> result = entries;
495        return (result == null)
496            ? (entries = new EntryCollection<K, V>(this)) : result;
497      }
498    
499      private static class EntryCollection<K, V>
500          extends ImmutableCollection<Entry<K, V>> {
501        final ImmutableMultimap<K, V> multimap;
502    
503        EntryCollection(ImmutableMultimap<K, V> multimap) {
504          this.multimap = multimap;
505        }
506    
507        
508        @Override
509        public UnmodifiableIterator<Entry<K, V>> iterator() {
510          final Iterator<? extends Entry<K, ? extends ImmutableCollection<V>>>
511              mapIterator = this.multimap.map.entrySet().iterator();
512    
513          return new UnmodifiableIterator<Entry<K, V>>() {
514            K key;
515            Iterator<V> valueIterator;
516    
517            public boolean hasNext() {
518              return (key != null && valueIterator.hasNext())
519                  || mapIterator.hasNext();
520            }
521    
522            public Entry<K, V> next() {
523              if (key == null || !valueIterator.hasNext()) {
524                Entry<K, ? extends ImmutableCollection<V>> entry
525                    = mapIterator.next();
526                key = entry.getKey();
527                valueIterator = entry.getValue().iterator();
528              }
529              return Maps.immutableEntry(key, valueIterator.next());
530            }
531          };
532        }
533    
534        
535        @Override
536        boolean isPartialView() {
537          return multimap.isPartialView();
538        }
539    
540        public int size() {
541          return multimap.size();
542        }
543    
544        
545        @Override
546        public boolean contains(Object object) {
547          if (object instanceof Entry) {
548            Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry<?, ?>) object;
549            return multimap.containsEntry(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
550          }
551          return false;
552        }
553    
554        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
555      }
556    
557      private transient ImmutableMultiset<K> keys;
558    
559      /**
560       * Returns a collection, which may contain duplicates, of all keys. The number
561       * of times a key appears in the returned multiset equals the number of
562       * mappings the key has in the multimap. Duplicate keys appear consecutively
563       * in the multiset's iteration order.
564       */
565      public ImmutableMultiset<K> keys() {
566        ImmutableMultiset<K> result = keys;
567        return (result == null) ? (keys = createKeys()) : result;
568      }
569    
570      private ImmutableMultiset<K> createKeys() {
571        return new Keys();
572      }
573    
574      @SuppressWarnings("serial") // Uses writeReplace, not default serialization
575      class Keys extends ImmutableMultiset<K> {
576        
577        @Override
578        public boolean contains(@Nullable Object object) {
579          return containsKey(object);
580        }
581    
582        
583        public int count(@Nullable Object element) {
584          Collection<V> values = map.get(element);
585          return (values == null) ? 0 : values.size();
586        }
587    
588        
589        public Set<K> elementSet() {
590          return keySet();
591        }
592    
593        
594        public int size() {
595          return ImmutableMultimap.this.size();
596        }
597    
598        
599        @Override
600        ImmutableSet<Entry<K>> createEntrySet() {
601          return new KeysEntrySet();
602        }
603    
604        private class KeysEntrySet extends ImmutableMultiset<K>.EntrySet {
605          
606          public int size() {
607            return keySet().size();
608          }
609    
610          
611          @Override
612          public UnmodifiableIterator<Entry<K>> iterator() {
613            return asList().iterator();
614          }
615    
616          
617          @Override
618          ImmutableList<Entry<K>> createAsList() {
619            final ImmutableList<? extends Map.Entry<K, ? extends Collection<V>>> mapEntries =
620                map.entrySet().asList();
621            return new ImmutableAsList<Entry<K>>() {
622              
623              public Entry<K> get(int index) {
624                Map.Entry<K, ? extends Collection<V>> entry = mapEntries.get(index);
625                return Multisets.immutableEntry(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().size());
626              }
627    
628              
629              @Override
630              ImmutableCollection<Entry<K>> delegateCollection() {
631                return KeysEntrySet.this;
632              }
633            };
634          }
635        }
636    
637        
638        @Override
639        boolean isPartialView() {
640          return true;
641        }
642      }
643    
644      private transient ImmutableCollection<V> values;
645    
646      /**
647       * Returns an immutable collection of the values in this multimap. Its
648       * iterator traverses the values for the first key, the values for the second
649       * key, and so on.
650       */
651      public ImmutableCollection<V> values() {
652        ImmutableCollection<V> result = values;
653        return (result == null) ? (values = new Values<V>(this)) : result;
654      }
655    
656      private static class Values<V> extends ImmutableCollection<V> {
657        final ImmutableMultimap<?, V> multimap;
658    
659        Values(ImmutableMultimap<?, V> multimap) {
660          this.multimap = multimap;
661        }
662    
663        
664        @Override
665        public UnmodifiableIterator<V> iterator() {
666          return Maps.valueIterator(multimap.entries().iterator());
667        }
668    
669        public int size() {
670          return multimap.size();
671        }
672    
673        
674        @Override
675        boolean isPartialView() {
676          return true;
677        }
678    
679        private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
680      }
681    
682      private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
683    }